Return on Invested Capital (ROIC)
Return on Invested Capital (ROIC) is a financial metric used to evaluate the efficiency of a company in generating profits from its Capital-investment/">Capital Investments. It is calculated by dividing the net operating profit after tax (NOPAT) by the total invested Capital. The formula is:
ROIC = NOPAT / Invested Capital
Invested Capital typically includes Equity, debt, and other forms of financing used to fund the company’s operations.
Example 1:
A company has a NOPAT of $500,000 and total invested Capital of $2,500,000. The ROIC would be:
ROIC = $500,000 / $2,500,000 = 0.20 or 20%
Example 2:
Another company has a NOPAT of $1,200,000 and invested Capital of $4,000,000. The ROIC calculation is:
ROIC = $1,200,000 / $4,000,000 = 0.30 or 30%
Case Study:
Company A consistently maintains an ROIC above its cost of Capital (10%), indicating effective use of its Capital to generate Returns. In contrast, Company B has an ROIC of 8%, suggesting it may not be utilizing its Capital efficiently.